Gender And The Board Of Education And Affirmative Action

Historically, certain groups have been underrepresented and unsuccessful in higher education. These groups include Hispanics, Latinos, African Americans, etc. Efforts have been made at the federal and institutional level to reverse this phenomenon, namely Brown vs. The Board of Education and Affirmative Action. Despite these efforts, African Americans, or Blacks, still lag behind in graduation rates relative to other races and Black males even more so. There has been a myriad of research done and solutions offered to combat this problem. I argue that access to positive Black male role models, increased financial aid, and increased out of class engagement will increase graduation rates for Black males. I also offer my own perfect program,†¦show more content†¦Shaun Harper explains that â€Å"the continuation of residential segregation in the United States concentrates Black students in public K-12 schools that have fewer resources, lower per-student expenditures, fewer advan ced placement courses, and less experienced teachers than the suburban schools many White students attend† (2010). The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) Susan Aud, et. Al. reports that in 2007–08, about 25 percent of secondary mathematics teachers who taught in schools with at least half Black enrollment had neither a certification nor a college major in mathematics, compared to 8 percent of secondary mathematics teachers who taught in schools with at least half White enrollment (2010). Attending poor middle schools and high schools adversely affects college enrollment rates and readiness. For example, due to their poor quality of educational experiences, Black students are less prepared to compete in competitive college admissions processes. Kimberly Griffin and Walter Allen state that students at urban schools are enrolled in larger classes and have access to smaller and more outdated libraries than their peers in more affluent communities. These schools also often lack rigorous courses, frequently measured by the number of